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] Nipple/Areola prostheses are made of silicone by breast prosthesis manufacturers and anaplastologists for breast cancer survivors who were treated for breast cancer with a mastectomy. Prostheses can be worn weeks after a mastectomy, breast reconstruction, or even nipple reconstruction. As an inexpensive and convenient alternative to surgery, patients may choose to wear them anytime during treatment. Patients who ultimately find nipple prostheses thought that they should be informed of them during the consultation prior to mastectomy (Janes S 2005). ==Fabrication== Nipple prosthetics are made of silicone and are adhered to the skin. There are several different types of prostheses with different benefits and costs. * Mass-produced and “semi-custom” prostheses allow women to choose from a few colors and sizes. The majority of mass-produced prostheses are self-adhering and last three months〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.noridianmedicare.com/dme/coverage/docs/lcds/current/external_breast_prostheses.htm )〕 because the materials are weaker and the adhesion become weaker. Lack of projection, color match, shape, size, and texture are all among the common complaints of mass-produced prostheses (Sainsbury R 1991). Despite these complaints, mass-produced prostheses have shown some benefit. When given to patients for a three-month period between breast mount reconstruction and surgical NAC reconstruction, some patients actually preferred using the prostheses for dress purposes rather than to undergo an additional operation (Ward CM 1985). Mass-produced nipple prosthetics fail to meet satisfaction expectations in cases of single mastectomies. * Custom prostheses can be made any size, shape, or color to the specification of the individual in need and some can last for years. In the case of a single mastectomy, a prosthetic NAC can be made to match the contralateral side. Most patients are highly satisfied with size, color, and projection (Janes S 2005). Recent improvements (circa 2010) in fabrication resolve most of the major challenges with NAC surgical outcomes, such as nipple projection and areolar color. The prosthetic nipple can be air-filled and deflate when garments such as a bra or tank top are worn, and inflate when no garments are worn. In unilateral cases, women may choose to have an exact match to their contralateral NAC, or they may have a prosthesis that covers the natural NAC and matches the prosthesis on the reconstructed breast. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「nipple prosthesis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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